Shirley Hemphill stands as a trailblazing figure in American television comedy, best remembered for her iconic role as the sharp-witted waitress Shirley Wilson on the hit 1970s ABC sitcom What's Happening!!. Breaking barriers as one of the few Black female stand-up comics to crossover into prime-time network television, Hemphill paved the way for subsequent generations of comedic actresses. Her journey from local comedy clubs in Los Angeles to starring in landmark television series reflects a career defined by resilience, sharp delivery, and authentic representation.
Born on July 1, 1947, in Asheville, North Carolina, Hemphill grew up with a passion for athletics and performance. After graduating from Stephens-Lee High School, she attended Morristown College on an athletic scholarship, earning a degree in physical education in 1967. Returning to Asheville, she initially worked in a nylon manufacturing factory while nurturing a deep ambition to enter the burgeoning world of stand-up comedy.
From Factory Work to the Los Angeles Comedy Circuit
Hemphill's entry into professional comedy began with a bold move. She recorded a cassette tape of her stand-up routine and mailed it to legendary comedian Flip Wilson. Impressed by her comedic timing and natural delivery, Wilson responded by sending her a cassette recorder, a dozen roses, and an invitation to visit the set of The Flip Wilson Show.
Encouraged by this validation, Hemphill quit her factory job, packed her bags, and moved to Los Angeles by bus. To sustain herself, she worked daytime shifts as a waitress while honing her craft at night on the stages of legendary venues like The Comedy Store and The Laugh Factory. Her sharp observations, dry wit, and commanding presence quickly captured the attention of local casting agents.
Breaking Through on Television: What's Happening!!
In 1976, Hemphill's stand-up performances caught the eye of casting agents, leading to guest appearances on popular shows like Good Times and All's Fair. These early roles showcased her ability to command a scene, but her major breakthrough came when she was cast in What's Happening!!, an ABC sitcom loosely inspired by the 1975 coming-of-age film Cooley High.
As Shirley Wilson, the sassy, confident, and warm-hearted waitress at the neighborhood restaurant Rob's Place, Hemphill became an instant fan favorite. The series focused on the daily adventures of three teenage boys—Raj, Rerun, and Dwayne—and Hemphill's character served as a grounding, protective presence who frequently delivered deadpan punchlines to keep the teenage antics in check.
The show ran successfully on ABC for three seasons from 1976 to 1979, cementing Hemphill's status as a household name. When production wrapped following network and contractual disputes, Hemphill transitioned directly into her own starring vehicle. In 1980, she headlined the ABC sitcom One in a Million, playing Shirley Simmons, a worker who inherits a massive corporate fortune from an eccentric former customer. Although the show had a brief run, it solidified her leading-lady status in network television.
Returning to Syndication and Film
Throughout the early 1980s, Hemphill maintained a heavy touring schedule, performing stand-up comedy in clubs nationwide and making guest appearances on popular programs such as The Love Boat and Trapper John, M.D..
Her signature role returned in 1985 when she reprised her character in the syndicated revival What's Happening Now!!. Running for three seasons through 1988, the sequel series featured her character as the co-owner of the restaurant, allowing Hemphill to showcase matured comedic timing and leadership on screen.
As the 1990s progressed, Hemphill expanded her resume into feature films and guest spots on prominent Black-led sitcoms. She appeared in Chris Rock's satirical hip-hop comedy film CB4 (1993) and the indie comedy Shoot the Moon (1996). Television audiences also welcomed her guest appearances on hit shows like Martin, The Wayans Bros., and The Sinbad Show.
Legacy and Cultural Impact
Hemphill's contributions extended beyond her credits; she was known among peers for mentoring emerging comedians and supporting equitable casting opportunities in television. Her career bridged the gap between the gritty reality of 1970s stand-up comedy clubs and the golden era of Black-led network television sitcoms.
On December 10, 1999, Hemphill passed away at her home in West Covina, California, at the age of 52 due to renal failure. Decades after her passing, her work on classic television continues to be celebrated by fans of retro sitcoms, ensuring her place in television history remains secure.
Frequently Asked Questions
What was Shirley Hemphill's most famous role?
She is best known for playing the witty waitress Shirley Wilson on the hit 1970s ABC sitcom What's Happening!! and its 1980s syndicated sequel, What's Happening Now!!.
How did Shirley Hemphill get her start in comedy?
After working in a North Carolina factory, she mailed a cassette tape of her stand-up routine to comedian Flip Wilson. His positive response inspired her to move to Los Angeles and perform at iconic venues like The Comedy Store.
Did Shirley Hemphill perform stand-up outside of television?
Yes. Throughout her career, even during the height of her sitcom success, Hemphill maintained an active stand-up touring schedule and performed regularly at prominent comedy clubs across the United States.
What awards or recognition did she receive?
While she didn't win major competitive industry awards, Hemphill was widely recognized as a trailblazer for Black women in television comedy, earning praise from cultural critics and lifetime achievement retrospectives from media outlets.
